Observing

Available Modes

Available spectroscopic modes are listed in the table below.

NameWavelength
range (um)
Resolving
power
Note
N7.0-13.5170
Q16.5-26.0110

Saturation limit

Saturation limits depend on wavelength as shown in the figures below, and the typical levels are summarized in the following table. In the water-vapor-absorbing bands, the saturation limits vary with PWV.

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Saturation limit of the KL band mode.Saturation limit of the 2.7um band mode.Saturation limit of the LM+ND2 band mode.


NameSaturation limit
KL7 Jy
2.7-um20 Jy
LM+ND2400 Jy

Sensitivity

1-sigma 1-sec sensitivity is shown in the figures below. Since the sensitivity is limited by readout noise (assumed 100e-/read), it improves with longer 1-frame exposure times. In water-vapor-absorbing bands, it also depends on PWV. The truncation on the right edge shows the saturated region with the corresponding exposure time. The LM-mode sensitivity is significantly worse due to the ND filters and the strong absorption of the diamond window.

KL mode

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KL-mode sensitivity at PWV=0.3 mm.KL-mode sensitivity at PWV=0.7 mm.KL-mode sensitivity at PWV=1.2 mm.

2.7-um mode

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2.7um-mode sensitivity at PWV=0.3 mm.2.7umL-mode sensitivity at PWV=0.7 mm.2.7um-mode sensitivity at PWV=1.2 mm.

LM+ND2 mode

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LM-mode (w/ ND2) sensitivity at PWV=0.3 mm.LM-mode (w/ ND2) sensitivity at PWV=0.7 mm.LM-mode (w/ ND2) sensitivity at PWV=1.2 mm.

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